Test Summary

Testing for Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (P-ANCA and/or C-ANCA) has been found to be useful in establishing the diagnosis of suspected vascular diseases (WG, Crescentic Glomerulonephritis, Microscopic Polyarteritis and Churg-Strauss Syndrome). Bowel Disease (Crohn's Disease, Ulcerative Colitis, Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis, and Autoimmune Hepatitis) as well as with other autoimmune diseases (drug-induced Lupus, SLE, Felt's Syndrome).

ANCA has classically been divided into C-ANCA and P-ANCA depending on the immunofluorescent pattern observed. More recently the specific antigens responsible for these patterns have been described and isolated. The primary antigen that gives the C-ANCA pattern is Proteinase-3 (PR-3). Multiple antigens are responsible for P-ANCA pattern, the principle antigen being Myeloperoxidase (MPO). Patients with Bowel Disease have been shown to have antibodies that give a P-ANCA or C-ANCA pattern. These antibodies however may not be directed towards MPO. Patients with drug induced Lupus, etc., often present with a P-ANCA pattern that is associated with antibodies against MPO.

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