Test Summary

This molecular assay detects four clinically relevant species associated with genital tract infections: Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma parvum, and Ureaplasma urealyticum. These organisms are fastidious, lack a cell wall, and are not reliably recovered by routine culture, making molecular detection the preferred diagnostic method.

Mycoplasma hominis has been associated with cervicitis and is often present in increased numbers in cases of bacterial vaginosis. Mycoplasma genitalium is a recognized sexually transmitted pathogen linked to nongonococcal urethritis, cervicitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease.

Ureaplasma species have been linked to upper genitourinary tract infections and have been implicated in adverse pregnancy outcomes, including premature labor and pregnancy loss. Molecular studies have distinguished two groups of Ureaplasma—U. parvum and U. urealyticum—with U. parvum more commonly found in the lower genital tract of healthy women; however, the specific pathogenic roles of each species remain unclear. These organisms may act as opportunistic pathogens when present in the upper genitourinary tract. Their potential association with infertility has been suggested but remains uncertain.

 

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